自动气象站各要素传感器检定结果的不确定度分析
朱乐坤郑丽春中国气象局大气探测技术中心,北京100081湖南省气象技术装备中心,长沙410007摘要:自动气象站是由各要素的传感器和数据采集器组成的.随着时间的推移,各传感器和数据采集器的测量误差将会发生漂移.为确保各要素观测数据的准确、可靠并具有可比性,定期开展自动气象站的检定和校准是非常重要的.通过检定将各要素系统误差控制在允许范围内,并对检定结果进行不确定度分析,是考察检定结果可信程度的重要步骤.本文依据自动气象站检定规程及JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》的要求,并根据检定数据,进行自动气象站的各要素检定结果的不确定度分析,对自动气象站检定结果可信度评估具有指导意义.
关键词:自动气象站各要素传感器检定结果不确定度分析
分类号:TP212文献标识码：文章编号：栏目信息：业务系统
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UncertaintyAnalysisofVariousSensorsCalibrationResultsforAWSZhuLekun,ZhengLichun1AtmosphericObservationTechnologyCenter,ChinaMeteorologicalandyistration,Beijing100081;2HunanProvincialMeteorologicalTechnologyEquipmentCenter,Changsha410007Abstract:Allmeasuringresultscontainerrors.Whenusinghighaccurateinstruments,themeasuringerrorissmall;otherwise,themeasuringerrorisbig.Ifanymeasuringinstrumentdoesn＇tpassthecalibrationorverification,itsmeasuringvaluedoesn＇thavearelationtotracetheorigins,sothemeasuringvalueisnottrustworthy.AWSiscomposedofvariousmeteorologicalsensors（airpressure,airtemperature,groundtemperature,airhumidity,winddirection,windspeed,precipitationandsoon）,data-collecting,data-processing,data-storageanddata-display,etc.Itisthesameasotherordinarymeteorologicalinstrumentsthatastimegoesonthemeasuringerrorsofvariousmeteorologicalsensorsanddata-loggerswilldrift.Inordertoguaranteetheaccuracy,thereliability,thecomparabilityonthemeasuringvalue,usingthesamestandardmeteorologicalinstrumentsandrelativecalibrationequipmentinaccordancewithverificationregulationorcalibrationspecificationandtocarryouttheperiodicalverificationandcalibrationofvariousmeteorologicalsensorsandthedata-collectingofAWSareveryimportant.Bymeansoftheanalysisonthecalibrationresults＇uncertainty,itisanimportancestagetoexaminethereliabilityofthecalibrationorverificationresults.Howtocarryouttheevaluationoftheuncertaintiesoftheverificationresultsisthetechniqueproblemwhichusuallyoccurswhensettingupastandardandreplyingtothecheck.Becausetheinstrumentstructureprincipleandtheusingenvironmentconditionsaredifferent,thequantityoftypeBstandarduncertaintyisdifferent.AccordingtoJJF1059-1999＂evaluationandexpressionofuncertaintyinmeasurement＂,themethodoftheevaluationfortypeAstandarduncertainty,theevaluationofsynthesizestandarduncertaintyandtheevaluationofexpanduncertaintyarethesame.TheevaluationoftypeBstandarduncertaintyisdifferent.Itmustbenoticedthat,whencarryingouttheevaluationoftheuncertaintiesinthemeasurement,itisnotrepeatedandnotleftout.Otherwise,itwillbringnonscientificorunjustjudgmentfortheevaluationandexpressionoftheuncertaintiesoftheverificationorcalibrationresults.AccordingtoverificationregulationofAWS,evaluationandexpressionofuncertaintyinmeasurement（JJF1059-1999）,thesimplificationevaluationofuncertaintyinmeasurementandtheverificationorcalibrationdata,theuncertaintyofmeasuringresultsofdifferentmeteorologicalsensorswillbeanalyzedindetails,ithasimportantinstructionalsignificancetotheevaluationofthecredibilityofothertypeAWSandnormalmeteorologicalinstrumentsverificationresult.
Keywords:AWS;variousmeteorologicalsensors;calibrationresult;uncertaintyanalysis
收稿日期:2006-05-12修订日期:2006-08-08基金资助:
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