杭州当选中国最幸福城市,北京上海缘何落选?
pianocao · 2010-01-13 15:35 · 59415 次点击
ThecityofHangzhouagaintopsalistofthe10"happiestcities"inChina,publishedbyOrientalOutlookmagazine,whichisaffiliatedwithChina'sstate-runXinhuanewsagency.
在新华社《望东方周刊》发布的中国“最具幸福感城市”中,杭州再度居首。
Themagazineclaimsnearly30millionpeopleparticipatedinthesurveyviaquestionnairesinnewspapersorovertheInternetormobilephones.Therewasalsoanindependentsurveyinvolvingatotalof600,000peoplefrom100Chinesecities.Theevaluationlookedatfactorssuchaspaceoflife,"humantouch,"opportunitiestomakemoney,convenience,naturalenvironment,cultureandentertainmentoptions,safetyaswellasthegapbetweenrichandpoor.
该杂志称,全国各地累计近3,000万人参与报纸、手机短信和网络问卷调查。同时在100个地级和县级候选城市中进行了覆盖60多万人的独立入户调查。评判标准包括生活节奏、人情味、赚钱机会、生活便利、自然环境、文明程度、文化娱乐、治安状况、贫富分化等等。
Hangzhou,whichdatesbackmorethan2,000years,hastoppedthelistallthreeyearsithasbeenpublished.TheformerSongDynastycapital,andnowthecapitalofChina'sZhejiangProvince,haslongbeenknownforitsbeautifulscenery,itsfinesilkandasthebirthplaceofLongjingtea.Butwhatmakesitanattractiveplacetolivealsoseemstohavealottodowithitsslowerpaceoflife.
该项评选今年已是第三年进行,有着2,000多年历史的杭州均表现优异。杭州以前是宋朝都城,现为中国浙江省省会,以秀丽风光、精美的丝绸以及龙井茶闻名。不过杭州之所以成为宜居之地似乎与它较慢的生活节奏大有关系。
CaoJingxing,awell-knownChinesecommentatorandTVhost,saidHangzhouhasa"peacethattheotherbigcitieslikeShanghaican'toffer."Plus,Hangzhou'sfasteconomicdevelopmenthashelpedaddwealth:Thecity'sper-capitaGDPwasabove,000bytheendof2008,accordingtogovernmentfigures.
中国著名评论员、电视主持人曹景行说,杭州有一种上海等大城市所不具备的安宁。此外,杭州经济迅速发展有助于财富的积累:政府数据显示,截止2008年底,杭州市人均国内生产总值(GDP)已经超过1万美元。
ShanghaiandBeijingwereamongthelist'stop10thefirsttimearound,in2007,buthavesincefallenoff.Surprisingly,thetwoweren'tevenincludedinthetop20sub-liststhisyear.In2008,ShanghaiandBeijingrankedNo.1andNo.2asthemostconvenientcities,whilethisyear,NanjingandHangzhoutookthoseplaces;andwhileNanjing,BeijingandShanghailedthesub-listforthecitieswiththebesteducationopportunitiesin2008,thisyear,thetopthreewereNanjing,XianandHangzhou,andBeijingandShanghaiwerenowhereinsight.
上海和北京曾入选2007年第一届10大“最具幸福感城市”,但此后均名落孙山。令人意外的是,今年的前20名中京沪都榜上无名。2008年,上海和北京分列“生活最便利城市”第一、二位,今年则被南京和杭州取代;2008年教育质量最佳城市三甲为南京、北京和上海,今年则为南京、西安和杭州,北京和上海不见踪影。
WhilemanyChinesestillsayBeijinghasthecountry'sbestschoolsandtheliveliestculturalscene,thecapitalislosingitspopularityamidincreasingstress,pollutionandtraffic--therearenowmorethan4millioncarsonitsstreets.
虽然许多中国人仍然认为北京拥有全国最好的学校、最浓厚的文化氛围,然而北京因压力日渐加剧、人口越来越多、交通越来越拥挤而丧失吸引力──现在北京的小汽车保有量已经超过400万辆。
Plus,morethan4millionmigrantworkershavecrowdedin.Inavillage-likecommunityinnorthBeijing,tensofthousandsofcollegegraduateslivetogetherinverysimplehousing,andintheireyes,Beijingisnolongertheplacetheyoncedreamedof,butratheraplacetoaccumulatemoreexperiencebeforesettlingdownsomewhereelse."Idon'tlikeBeijing,andlivinginsuchaslum...Idon'tfeellikeI'mlivinginthecapitalatall,saidYangYaming,acollegegraduatefromChongqing.HecalledBeijing'aplacewhereIcanmeetallkindsofpeople,andseeallkindsofcolorfulthings,butIdefinitelywillgobacktomyhometowninacoupleofyears."
此外,已有逾400万外来务工人员涌入北京。在北京北部的一个类似村庄的社区,数万名大学毕业生在非常简陋的条件下聚居,在他们眼中,北京已不复他们曾经的梦想所寄,只是一个积累经验的地方,以便在其他地方安定下来。重庆籍大学毕业生杨延明(音)说,我不喜欢北京,住在这么破的地方,根本不觉得是在首都。他说,在北京可以见识各色人等和种种有意思的事物,但过几年一定会回家乡去。
AsforShanghai,thedailystruggleoflivinginChina'sfinancialhubfindsvividexpression_r_r_r_rinthehitTVdrama"DwellingNarrowness."Fortheheroine,livinginShanghaijustmeanshighlivingexpensesandstressratherthanexcitementandaglitzynightlife.
至于上海,热播电视剧《蜗居》生动地展示了在这个中国金融之都生活的艰难。对于剧中女主人公来说,在上海生活只是意味着高昂的生活成本和巨大的压力,没有半点兴奋,也无从享受五光十色的夜生活。
OrientalOutlookinitsanalysisofthesurveythatcomparedwith2008,notesthatthisyear'slistshavefewercitiesfromChina'smoredevelopedregions."Astheeconomicdevelopmentisexposedtotheimpactoftheglobalfinancialcrisis,moreandmoreresidentsturntootherfactorsthathavenothingtodowiththeeconomytoevaluatetheirlivingenvironment...orinotherwords:Nowadays,peoplepaymoreattentiontothequalityoflife,"themagazinesaid.
《望东方周刊》在与2008年评选结果的对比分析中指出,今年中国发达地区的入选城市减少了。该杂志说,随着经济的发展和金融危机的影响,很多居民开始关注经济指标以外的因素。换句话说,现在人们越来越关注生活质量。
Asaresult,amongthetop10thisyear,thecitiesattachingimportancetobalanceddevelopment,suchasHangzhouorKunming,orthosewithricheducationoptions,likeNanjingandXi'an,arethemostattractive.Andmid-leveldevelopedcitieswithaslowerpaceandlesspressurearealsofavored,likeNingboandChangsha.
这样一来,在入选的10大最具幸福感城市中,有像杭州和昆明这样特别注重均衡发展的城市,也有像南京和西安,教育资源丰富;而那些中度发达城市如宁波和长沙,由于生活节奏相对较慢、压力较小,也很受青睐。
Chengdu,thecapitalofSichuanprovince,wasmissingfromthelistin2008,butrankedastheNo.2happiestcityin2009.Foralongtime,thecityhasbeenknownforitslaid-backculture,withresidentsfromalllevelsofsocietysharingsimilarattitudestowardlife,whetherinhotpotrestaurants,inteahousesoratmahjongtablesathome.
四川省会成都2008年未能入选,今年则名列第二。成都长期以来都以闲散的氛围著称,在热门餐馆、茶馆和家里的麻将桌上,社会各个阶层的民众都具有相似的生活态度。
Thetop10happiestcounty-levelcitiesareforthefirsttimeincludedinthesurveythisyear,mostofthemcitiesineasternChina,suchasZoupinginShandongprovinceandYixinginJiangsu.
今年还首次单独评选了最具幸福感的10大县级市,入选城市大多位于华东,如山东邹平县、江苏宜兴市